From Space Cats to Brain Training: A Quick Dive into the History of Neurofeedback
By Jonathan Bakker, ND
What Even Is Neurofeedback?
Before we dive into the history, let’s get on the same page. Neurofeedback (also called EEG biofeedback) is a non-invasive therapy that helps you train your brain to self-regulate. It uses real-time feedback from your brain’s electrical activity (your brainwaves) to help improve things like focus, sleep, emotional balance, and more.
It’s kind of like a mirror for your brain: it helps you see what it’s doing and encourages better habits. Neurofeedback is now used to support people with conditions like ADHD, anxiety, PTSD, and even autism—but it didn’t start out that way.
The Origins of Neurofeedback: It All Started with Brainwaves
1920s: The First EEG
Neurofeedback wouldn’t exist without the EEG (electroencephalogram). In the 1920s, German psychiatrist Hans Berger built the first EEG machine and discovered alpha and beta brainwaves. This was the first time we could actually see what a brain was doing in real time.
1960s: Brain Training Begins
Dr. Joe Kamiya at the University of Chicago showed that people could actually learn to control their brainwaves just by using feedback sounds—this was the birth of neurofeedback training.
Around the same time, Dr. Barry Sterman at UCLA trained cats to control a type of brainwave called SMR (sensorimotor rhythm). He rewarded the cats when their brains produced SMR, which led to some surprising discoveries.
Space Cats and Seizures: The NASA Connection
Sterman’s cat research took a weird and fascinating turn when NASA asked him to study rocket fuel toxicity. Cats trained in SMR were exposed to fuel fumes, and—get this—they didn’t have seizures like the untrained cats. That led to human studies, where people with epilepsy also saw big improvements through SMR training.
So yes, space cats helped launch modern neurofeedback.
The Rollercoaster Ride of Acceptance
1970s: Too “Woo” for the Mainstream
In the 1970s, neurofeedback started showing up in spiritual and meditation circles, which made some scientists skeptical. That woo-woo association hurt its credibility for a while, even though people were seeing real results.
1980s and 1990s: Science Catches Up
Thanks to the rise of neuroplasticity—the idea that the brain can change and heal itself—neurofeedback made a comeback. Researchers started using it to help with ADHD, anxiety, trauma, and more.
Today: Neurofeedback Goes Mainstream
Fast-forward to now: neurofeedback is used by therapists, doctors, schools, athletes, and even executives looking to boost performance. Technology has made it more accessible and more accurate. And new research keeps coming out showing that it can be a powerful tool when used in the right hands.
At Bakker Natural Medicine, we believe in blending time-tested natural medicine with innovative tools like neurofeedback. While we don’t offer it in-house right now, we know it has value—and we can help guide you toward trusted resources if you’re curious.
FAQs about the History of Neurofeedback
Who invented neurofeedback?
Dr. Joe Kamiya is often credited as the “father” of neurofeedback, with early research in the 1960s. Dr. Barry Sterman also played a huge role with his work on SMR training.
When did neurofeedback become popular?
Neurofeedback gained attention in the 1970s, but really took off again in the 1990s thanks to renewed interest in brain plasticity.
What is SMR training?
SMR stands for sensorimotor rhythm, a brainwave associated with calm focus. Training the brain to produce more SMR has been linked to reduced seizures and improved focus.
Has neurofeedback been used by NASA?
Yes! NASA explored neurofeedback after Barry Sterman’s research showed that SMR-trained cats were resistant to toxic rocket fuel. It was even considered for astronaut training.
Is neurofeedback scientifically proven?
There’s growing evidence for its effectiveness, especially for things like ADHD, anxiety, and sleep issues. But more large-scale studies are still needed for full medical acceptance.
FAQs about Bakker Natural Medicine
Do you offer neurofeedback therapy?
Yes, we offer NeurOptimal® neurofeedback, a safe, effective system designed to help your brain function at its best. It supports a wide range of concerns including stress, focus, emotional balance, and sleep.
What services do you provide?
At Bakker Natural Medicine, we provide:
- Shockwave therapy
- Naturopathic medicine
- Primary care
- Neurofeedback (NeurOptimal®)
- Biofeedback
How do I book a visit?
Visit BakkerNaturalMedicine.com or call our office to schedule. We offer both in-person and virtual consultations.
Do you work with children?
Yes, we work with patients of all ages and can help parents navigate health concerns for their kids, including behavioral and developmental issues.
Final Thoughts
Neurofeedback has come a long way—from early EEG experiments to helping astronauts and kids with ADHD. It’s not a magic bullet, but it’s a fascinating, science-backed option for many people looking to better understand and train their brains.
If you want to learn more or explore your options, We’d be happy to chat. Reach out to us at Bakker Natural Medicine anytime.